4 Articles- 20 points each, Chapter in textbook- 20 points

In order to help you prepare for your Ethnographic Research Paper, you will be expected to complete a total of five (5) annotated bibliographies. Four (4) will be from peer reviewed journal articles and one (1) will be from the chapter in your textbook that you feel will be the most relevant to your sub-culture. It is important to note that you should also be using terminology from other chapters in your text or ones that you have learned in class. The chapter in the textbook used for your Annotated Bibliography should just be a starting point.

Annotated bibliographies can be very useful in your college career. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to help you remember what a specific article (or group of articles) is about. It will also help you pull out key terms and quotations that you can use in your paper.

The articles you choose must be peer reviewed journal articles. In some cases it may be difficult to find a peer reviewed journal article about your specific sub-culture. This is when you may need to go a little broader and think of other groups that your sub-culture may fit into. For example, if you are researching World of Warcraft (a video game) you may need to search for video gaming in general. If you are struggling to find a peer reviewed journal article, set up an appointment to see me.

In addition, you must start your annotated bibliography with a short paragraph explaining your choice of subculture, and when and where you intend to ‘observe’ them. this choice must be approved by me, prior to you starting your ethnography.

Answer

Ethnography Proposal

The essence of social fraternity is a projecting organizational in the history that tend to define the systematic study of people and cultures –ethnography. It is well designed to discover the cultural occurrences from a point of view of the subject in the society (Jorgensen, 1989). In essence, the presence of gay members in the society has hugely influenced the culture in the society which in turn have also been affected by fraternity culture. The key aim of this proposal is to explore the influence of gay sexual positioning on the membership and peer culture of the generally white fraternity.

As much as the society inclines to contemplate of organizations in asexual positions, the significance of heterosexuality is usually a characteristic for various people who wish to study the cultural phenomena in the society (Levinson, 1989). Most norms, standards, and practices regularly disguise heterosexual behavior and values and regard heterosexuality as invisible. As Louis (1980) suggests, according to culture and values, heterosexuality is always perceived as disorderly, unprofessional and conspicuous. As people are likely to question various aspects of their identity in the society, they are often marginalized just because of their sexual orientation, and most of them tend to struggle more considerably than those not marginalized. Such impacts of marginalization struggle are essentially notably where the people establish some of their closest relationships in the society.

According to Johnson (1996), these marginalized people in the society face such challenges as identity, ethical, cognitive, psychosocial, and moral developments. Johnson, (1996), further urges that these identity-based developments regularly turn to be more complex for the marginalized people who are regarded homosexual or may think they are, since they experience various obstacles as discrimination, separation, as well as their own internalized homophobia.

References

Johnson, Don. “The Developmental Experience of Gay/Lesbian Youth.” Journal of College         Admission 152.153 (1996): 38-41.

Jorgensen, D. L. “Participant observation: A methodology for human studies. 1989.”

Levinson, Daniel J. “Eras: The anatomy of the life cycle.” Psychiatric Opinion (1978).

Louis, Meryl Reis. Organizations as culture-bearing milieux. Department of Administrative        Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, 1980.